Japanese people’s conceptualization of wisdom:
Abstract: A series of semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 middle-aged and older Japanese adults to identify wisdom dimensions. The qualitative analysis revealed the following five categories with two to eight subcategories in each: (1) problem solving ability, (2) ability to prioritize (insight), (3) plasticity, (4) harmony with others, and (5) disciplined life. In particular, the concept of “wisdom” appears to emphasize harmony (courtesy, okage (a sense of gratitude), and humbleness) and the ability to complete actions toward chosen life goals (accomplishments, actions with strong will, and existential understanding). These subcategories or factors are distinct from those found in previous studies conducted in the West, and they are believed to embody Japanese values and ethical disciplines some of which are shared with other Asian cultures. Our findings suggest that the knowledge of such cultural influences should be applied to future investigations on wisdom in Japan.